Educational comparison only — not medical advice or an endorsement. Availability, funding and specifications vary by country and change often — confirm current details with the manufacturer and your diabetes team before choosing a system. A closed loop (AID) pump automatically adjusts insulin using CGM data; an open loop pump requires manual dosing. Costs are approximate and depend heavily on insurance and NHS / reimbursement status. Pipeline timelines are estimates subject to regulatory approval and may change. Sources: manufacturer data (Insulet · Tandem · Medtronic · Beta Bionics · Ypsomed · Diabeloop · Roche) · Diabetotech · DiaTribe · JDRF.